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The medical definition of acne describes it as a genetic disease evolving from retention hyperkeratosis of the follicular epithelium. This means your follicles (often referred to as pores) are essentially clogged, making it a great place for acne bacteria to thrive. The follicles become clogged due to overproduction of sebum (oil) mixed with the build-up of dead skin cells within the follicle.
Although the exact cause of overactive sebaceous glands and acne is difficult to pinpoint, some theorize that hormonal imbalances, psychological aspects, nutritional deficiencies, and genetics may contribute. Other factors that may affect acne can include stress, picking and touching the face, excessive scrubbing, cosmetics, and skin irritants. Stress stimulates the adrenal glands and fluctuating testosterone levels can cause a flare up. Improper extractions can rupture the follicles and cause bacteria to spread. Touching also irritates the skin and breeds bacteria. Make sure you are not over scrubbing the skin, as this can cause irritation and over-production of sebum. Cosmetics, soaps, fabric softeners, and hair products are also possible culprits and it is best to choose fragrance free, dye free, and preservative free formulas. When you start paying attention to all of the possible contributing factors and making life style changes, improvements can be made. With these changes paired with professional skin treatments and proper home care regimens, it is apparent that acne truly is a treatable disease! For genetically-prone sufferers, this implies a lifetime regimen of daily home care! Not bad news though, we all need it really!